What is operation blue star ? A big political blunder who is responsible? Full analysis.

                      BlUE STAR

Operation  Blue star is the biggest internal security mission.

what is the operation blue star?

It is an internal security mission of the Indian army to remove the Sikh leader Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale and his militant followers from the religious building of Sikh Harmandir sahib complex( golden temple) in Amritsar Punjab.

To regain control over Harmandir sahib, this operation carried out between 1  to

 8 June 1984.    

* Leads to Assassination of Indira Gandhi.

* Anti Sikh riots all over India.

* This operation hurts the religious feeling of millions of Sikhs.

*   The collateral damage including the death of many pilgrims, as well as damage to the religious monument, the military action on the sacred temple was criticized by the Sikhs all over the world.

   Begins with the issue of Khalistan

This Khalistan issue is the Sikh national movement that seeks to create Punjab. A separate country Khalistan for Sikhs. 

After the partition of India, Pakistan, the historical region of Punjab divided into both countries, a large area of Punjab lies in Pakistan a large number of people migrated to  India. It leads to bloodshed and fights.

Akali dal political party of Punjab demands to convert Punjab as Sikh autonomous state.

In 1956 State reorganization commission of India forms a report on the base of that report, states are created in India but the state reorganization commission rejects the demand of Sikh autonomous state.

In 1970 Sikh leader Jagjit Singh Chauhan communicate to a large number of Sikh diaspora present in the USA, UK, and Canada, they raised the issue of Khalistan again. 

They started a big donation drive for Khalistan and announced in NewYork Times Khalistan is a separate country. 

                Anandpur  sahib resolution 

Anandpur sahib resolution was a statement with a list of demands by  Punjab political party Akali dal in 1973. This resolution demands that power be generally devoluted from central to the state government, and to give autonomy to Punjab.

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After a long period, this resolution is forgotten. Then again raised by  Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale. In 1982 Indira Gandhi considered the Anandpur sahib resolution as a secessionist document.

EMERGENCY  

In 1975 Indira Gandhi announces an emergency. It effectively suspended democracy, suppressed the opposition, and took control of the media with authoritarian measures, in 1977 after the end of the emergency election conducted for the first time in independent India and congress party lose the election.

The hastily formed Janata alliance of parties opposed to ruling congress party Morarji Desai

was chosen as the leader of the alliance in the newly formed parliament.

 In Punjab legislative assembly election Akali dal form the government, Congress needs a strong leader who can divide Sikhs to defeat Akali dal and rule over  Punjab.

 Congress supported Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale, as a leader in a bit to split the Sikhs votes and weaken the Akali dal and its chief rival in Punjab. Bhindranwale has a large number of Sikh followers he was a militant leader of the Sikh organization Damdami Taksal.

                                        

                        Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale

 In the 1980 Punjab legislative assembly election in Punjab. Congress gains power Darbari Singh becomes CM  he is against Bhindranwale. 

Bhindranwale becomes extremely militant and in 1982 he joins Akali dal, then he raised the topic of Anandpur sahib resolution again.

The protest is going all over Punjab, to stop the protest in October 1983 president's rule imposed in Punjab.

 Bhindranwale along with his followers and Militants gathered in Harmandir sahib

 (golden temple) on 15 December 1983 Bhindranwale took control over Akal Takht.

He started giving commands to militants.

Congress tried to negotiate and send a proposal for the Akali leaders and Bhindranwale but they reject the proposal.

Now tension between Hindus and Sikhs started rising in Punjab as well as in other states.

GOVERNMENT PLANED A MILITARY OPERATION(BLUE STAR) 

                                   

 BEGINNING OF OPERATION BLUE STAR

On the first June 1984, Punjab put under curfew and communication blocked all over in Punjab army and paramilitary force entered, News reporters and journalists were asked to leave Amritsar.

  

The objective of the operation 

To flush out militants lead by Bhindranwale holding inside Akal Takht major Kuldeep Singh lead army operation.

5 June 1984; Army attacked militants.

A various of army units and paramilitary force surrounded the golden temple complex. The army used loudspeakers to encourage the militants to surrender. Requests were also made to militants to allow trapped pilgrims to come out of the temple premises, the battle went on for three days. The army suffered a lot initially as they underestimated militants firepower militants have Chinese-Mada, anti-tank guns, rocket launchers, positioned snipers.

Hence Army was defeated by the militant then decided to call tanks army attack Akal Takht with tank and Bhindranwale died in the fight it leads to heavy damage to Akal Takht and the library of the golden temple.

Followers of Bhindranwale died in the fight and a large cache of weapons captured from the complex. After the operation military and army achieved there objective in this big operation 83 army soldiers died, 248 injured. 

     FALL BACK FROM BLUE STAR              

                             The assassination of Indira Gandhi 

The aftermath of operation blue star. 31 October 1984 Indira Gandhi assassinated by her Sikh bodyguards Satwant Singh and Beant Singh. 

 

                                               Air India flight bombed

1985 Air India flight Kanishka from Montreal to Delhi bombed 329 passengers are killed.

1985 Harchand Singh longowal of Akali dal murdered by Sikh as he signed an agreement with congress.

 

1986 General Arun Shridhar Vaidya, the chief of army during blue star assassinated.

   Anti-Sikh riots all over India              
  

This operation was a big political blunder. All over Punjab and Delhi protest started against congress.

A large number of Sikhs were killed.